Appalachian Trail 101

Whether you're a Flip-flop (start in the middle), NOBO (Georgia to Maine), SOBO (Maine to Georgia) or anything in between, we're here to make your Appalachian Trail thru-hike a success.

If you are planning to take on the Appalachian Trail (AT), a 2,200-mile long hiking trail that stretches from Georgia to Maine, it goes without saying you need to be well-prepared with the right gear. The AT traverses through a diverse range of terrains, including mountains, forests, and streams. So, it's essential to pack light yet have all the essential gear to make your thru-hike a success. Read on for our take on the must-have gear for an Appalachian Trail thru-hike.

Backpack

A good backpack is essential for any thru-hiker, but it's especially crucial for an AT thru-hiker. You'll be carrying all your gear on your back for months at a time, so you want a backpack that's comfortable and durable. There are two main types of backpacks: framed and frameless. Framed packs have a metal or plastic frame that provides structure and support, while frameless packs rely on your gear to create structure. Framed packs are generally better for heavier loads because they distribute the weight more evenly and provide better back support. They're also ideal for hikers who need to carry larger amounts of food and water, as the frame can handle the extra weight. On the other hand, frameless packs are lighter and more flexible, making them a great choice for hikers who want to move quickly and don't need to carry as much gear.

Framed Pack:

Pros:

• Better weight distribution: The metal or plastic frame in a framed pack helps distribute the weight of your gear more evenly across your back, hips, and legs. This can help prevent soreness and fatigue during long hikes.
• Better back support: The frame also helps provide better back support by keeping the pack's weight away from your spine.
• Can handle heavier loads: Framed packs can generally handle heavier loads than frameless packs, which makes them a better choice for hikers carrying larger amounts of food and water or other heavy gear.

Cons:

• Heavier weight: The metal or plastic frame adds weight to the pack, which can make it heavier overall. This can be a drawback for hikers looking to minimize their overall pack weight.
• Less flexible: The frame in a framed pack makes it less flexible than a frameless pack, which can make it harder to maneuver in tight spaces or over rough terrain.

Frameless packs:

Pros:

• Lighter weight: Frameless packs are generally lighter than framed packs, which makes them a good choice for hikers looking to minimize their overall pack weight.
• More flexible: The lack of a frame makes a frameless pack more flexible, which can make it easier to maneuver in tight spaces or over rough terrain.
• Can be less expensive: Frameless packs are often less expensive than framed packs, which can be a plus for hikers on a budget.

Cons:

• Less back support: Without a frame, a frameless pack doesn't provide as much back support as a framed pack, which can be a drawback for hikers with back problems or who are carrying heavier loads.
• Can't handle as much weight: Frameless packs generally can't handle as much weight as framed packs, which can be a problem for hikers carrying larger amounts of food and water or other heavy gear.

When it comes to pack size, look for a backpack with a capacity of 50 to 65 liters, as this is the ideal size for a thru-hike. This size will allow you to carry all the gear you need without overloading your pack. You also want to minimize the amount of dead air in your pack, so its good to lay out your gear beforehand and analyze what pack size will suit your load the best. Keep in mind that pack weight is also important - you don't want to carry more weight than necessary. Look for a pack that weighs around 2 to 3 pounds (or less) when empty, as this will help keep your overall load lighter and more comfortable. Some good options to consider:

• Osprey Atmos AG 65 Backpack - This is a framed backpack with a capacity of 65 liters, making it perfect for a thru-hike. It's designed to distribute weight evenly and has adjustable shoulder straps and hip belt for added comfort. Plus, it's made from water-resistant materials to keep your gear dry.
• Granite Gear Crown2 60 Backpack - This is a frameless backpack with a capacity of 60 liters, making it a great option for hikers who want to move quickly and don't need to carry as much gear. It has adjustable shoulder straps and hip belt, as well as multiple pockets and compartments for organization.
• Gregory Baltoro 65 Backpack - Another framed option, the Gregory Baltoro has a capacity of 65 liters and is designed to provide maximum support and comfort for heavy loads. It has an adjustable hip belt and shoulder straps, as well as a ventilated back panel for added breathability.

In addition to size and weight, consider the features of the backpack. A hip belt and adjustable shoulder straps are essential for comfort and weight distribution. Look for a pack with multiple pockets and compartments to help you stay organized on the trail. Water-resistant or waterproof materials can also be a plus, especially if you'll be hiking in rainy or wet conditions. Sleep System Getting a good night's sleep is crucial for a successful thru-hike of the Appalachian Trail. A proper sleep system includes a tent, sleeping pad, sleeping bag or quilt, and maybe even a hammock, depending on your preferences and the conditions you'll be hiking in. Tent: A good tent is essential for providing shelter from the elements and protecting you from bugs and other critters. Look for a lightweight and durable tent that can withstand the conditions you'll be hiking in. A tent with good ventilation is also important, as it can prevent condensation from building up inside the tent. Popular options for thru-hikers include the Big Agnes Copper Spur, the Nemo Hornet, and the Zpacks Duplex. Sleeping pad: A sleeping pad provides cushioning and insulation between you and the ground. Look for a pad that's lightweight and packs down small, as you'll be carrying it in your backpack. You also want to consider your height when buying a sleeping bag as they run in different sizes. Popular options include the Therm-a-Rest NeoAir Xlite and the Nemo Tensor. Sleeping bag/quilt: A sleeping bag or quilt is essential for keeping you warm at night. Look for a bag/quilt that's lightweight and compressible and meets the temperature rating that suits the season best. Popular options include the Enlightened Equipment Revelation quilt and the Western Mountaineering Ultralite sleeping bag. Hammock: Some hikers prefer to sleep in a hammock, especially in warmer weather. Look for a hammock that's lightweight and easy to set up, like the ENO SingleNest or the Warbonnet Blackbird. Keep in mind that you'll also need a tarp or bug net to protect yourself from the elements and bugs as well as a durable rain tarp for wet nights. Shelters: On some nights, you may want to sleep in a shelter instead of setting up your tent or hammock. Be prepared for mice, snoring hikers, and other potential annoyances. It's important to follow shelter etiquette, which includes being quiet after dark, not cooking inside the shelter, and leaving space for other hikers.

Footwear

When it comes to footwear on the Appalachian Trail, there's no one-size-fits-all solution. Your foot size and shape can greatly affect your choice of shoes, and it's important to find a pair that keeps your feet comfortable, dry, and free from blisters and injuries. And while the debate continues on Trail Running Shoes vs Hiking Boots it ultimately comes down to what is the most comfortable and durable option for you. Trail runners: Many thru-hikers opt for trail runners, which are lightweight and offer good traction on the trail. Trail runners are a good option for hikers with strong feet and ankles who prefer a lighter load. They also dry quickly, which is important on a long-distance hike. However, they don't offer as much ankle support as hiking boots and can leave your feet vulnerable to rocks and other debris on the trail. If you choose to hike in trail runners, consider using gaiters to keep dirt and rocks out of your shoes. Hiking boots: Hiking boots offer more ankle support and protection from the elements than trail runners. They're a good option for hikers with weaker ankles or those who prefer a more sturdy shoe. However, they can be heavy and take longer to dry if they get wet. Some popular hiking boots for the Appalachian Trail include the Salomon Quest 4D and the Vasque Breeze.

Some recommendations for each option:

Trail runners:

• Altra Lone Peak: These shoes are lightweight and have a roomy toe box, making them a great option for hikers with wider feet or those who prefer a more natural foot shape.
• La Sportiva Bushido II: These shoes have a sticky sole that provides excellent traction on the trail, and they also have a durable upper that can withstand rough terrain.
• Salomon Speedcross: These shoes are a popular choice for thru-hikers due to their lightweight design and aggressive tread that provides excellent grip on slippery surfaces.

Hiking boots:

• Oboz Bridger: These boots are known for their excellent support and traction, making them a great option for hikers with weak ankles or those who need extra stability on the trail.
• Merrell Moab: These boots are a classic choice for hikers and offer a comfortable fit and good support for the feet and ankles.
• Lowa Renegade: These boots have a durable and waterproof construction that can withstand a variety of trail conditions, and they also offer good ankle support and stability.

Remember to try on shoes and boots in person if possible to ensure a proper fit, and to gradually break them in before hitting the trail. Foot care: No matter what shoes you choose, it's important to take care of your feet on the trail. Keep your feet clean and dry, and change your socks frequently to avoid blisters. Consider carrying moleskin or other blister prevention products with you. Finally, be sure to listen to your feet and take breaks when you need them to avoid injuries.

First Aid and Safety Gear

When hiking the Appalachian Trail, safety should be a top priority. Here are some essential items to include in your first aid kit:

• Basic first aid supplies: bandages, gauze, antiseptic wipes, and adhesive tape.
• Pain relief medication: aspirin or ibuprofen can help with headaches or sore muscles.
• Insect repellent: mosquitoes and ticks can be a nuisance on the trail, and ticks can carry Lyme disease.
• Sunscreen: even on cloudy days, UV rays can cause sunburn.
• Navigation tools: a GPS device, map and compass can help you stay on course and avoid getting lost.
• Emergency whistle: a loud whistle can help rescuers locate you in case of an emergency.
• Multi-tool: a knife, pliers, and screwdriver can come in handy in a variety of situations.
• Water filter or purification tablets: clean drinking water is crucial on the trail.
• Emergency shelter: a lightweight emergency bivy or tarp can provide shelter in case of unexpected weather or injury.

When it comes to safety gear, consider investing in a satellite communication device such as a SPOT or Garmin inReach. These devices can send and receive messages even in areas without cell phone coverage, which can be a lifesaver in an emergency. Geartrade has most of the products listed above including a wide range of first aid and safety gear to choose from, including GPS devices, water filters, and emergency shelters. Some popular brands to consider include Garmin, Sawyer, and Adventure Medical Kits. Hiking the Appalachian Trail can be an incredible adventure, but it's important to prepare properly to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience. Make sure to plan ahead, research the trail, and gather all the necessary gear and supplies. Don't forget to practice Leave No Trace principles, and be respectful of the wildlife and other hikers you'll encounter along the way. As you hike through various state parks, national parks, and national forests, make sure to familiarize yourself with any specific rules or regulations for each area. It's also a good idea to have a basic understanding of navigation tools, like a GPS or map and compass, to stay on the trail and avoid getting lost. With the right preparation and mindset, hiking the Appalachian Trail can be an unforgettable experience. Good luck on your endeavors and happy hiking! Will Pearce is a Gear Specialist at Geartrade. He is from Virginia Beach, and received his Bachelor’s of Science in Marketing from Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia. His passion for writing, advertising, graphic design and brand building matches his love of the outdoors. In his free time, he enjoys hiking, surfing, snowboarding, rock climbing, running and crochet!